Ⅰ 綰ょ淮鐦ゆ槸浠涔堝紩璧風殑
鎰忚佸緩璁錛氱氦緇寸槫鏄涓縐嶈壇鎬ц偪鐦,鏄鐢變簬涔寵吅綰ょ淮緇勭粐榪囧害鐢熼暱瀵艱嚧鐨,娌℃湁鎵╂暎鎬.涓嶄細鍙戠敓閬椾紶鐨勶紝涓嶉渶瑕佹媴蹇冦傚艱嚧瀹冪殑鍘熷洜涓鑸鏄闈掓槬鏈熷悗闆屾縺緔犲垎娉屾按騫沖為珮鍙婂叾浠栦竴浜涘師鍥.綰ょ淮鑵虹槫鏄鏈夊寘鑶滅殑,涓庡叾浠栨ｅ父緇勭粐娌℃湁鐩存帴鎺ヨЕ.姝ょ棶鎵嬫湳瀵硅韓浣撲笉浼氭湁褰卞搷涔熶笉浼氭湁鍚庨仐鐥.鏄涓灝忔墜鏈.鏍規嵁浣犺嚜宸辯殑涓浣撳傛灉鑲跨槫鐢熼暱錛岃繕鏄寤鴻鎵嬫湳錛屽傛灉寰堝皬寰堝皬錛屽彲浠ラ傚綋鐢ㄨ嵂鐗┿
Ⅱ 鐨鑲ょ氦緇寸槫鏄鎬庝箞寮曡搗鐨勶紵
(涓)鍙戠棶鍘熷洜
鐥呭洜涓嶆槑銆傛湁浜涚棶渚嬪彲鑳戒笌灞閮ㄨ交寰鎹熶激鏈夊叧錛屽傛槅鉶鍙鍜鎴栭挐鍣ㄦ崯浼ゃ備害鏈変漢璁や負涓庣棶姣掓劅鏌撲篃鏈変竴瀹氬叧緋匯侫ckerman璁や負鏈鐥呯殑鍙戠敓鏄鍙嶅簲鎬х殑鑰屼笉鏄鑲跨槫鎬х殑銆傛潹緹庢灄絳(1992)閫氳繃鐢甸暅瑙傚療錛岀毊鑲ょ氦緇寸槫鍐呮湁澶ч噺杈冧笉鎴愮啛鐨勮偉澶х粏鑳炰笌鎴愮氦緇寸粏鑳炵揣瀵嗘帴瑙︼紝鎴愮氦緇寸粏鑳炲唴鍙瑙佸彂杈懼苟鎵╁紶鎴愬泭鐘剁殑綺楅潰鍐呰川緗戱紝璇存槑鍔熻兘媧昏穬錛岃や負鑲ュぇ緇嗚優澧炲氬彲鑳芥槸寮曡搗綰ょ淮澧炵敓鐨勫師鍥犮
(浜)鍙戠棶鏈哄埗
緇撹妭浣嶄簬鐪熺毊鍐咃紝鏃犲寘鑶滐紝澧冪晫涓嶆竻錛屼笌鍛ㄥ洿姝ｅ父緇勭粐鏈夋槑鏄劇殑浜ら敊;涓嬬晫娓呮氥備笂鐣屼笌琛ㄧ毊涔嬮棿甯稿す鐫涓鏉＄敱騫肩氳兌鍘熺氦緇寸粍鎴愮殑鈥滃冪晫甯︹濓紝浣嗙槫緇勭粐鏈夋椂涔熷彲涓庤〃鐨緔ц繛銆傚垏闈㈠憟鐏扮櫧銆侀粍瑜愭垨榛戣愯壊銆
鍏夐暅涓嬶紝鍙瑙佺棶鍙樼粍緇囧炵敓鐨勬垚綰ょ淮緇嗚優銆佺粍緇囩粏鑳炪佸唴鐨緇嗚優鍜屾垚鐔熸垨騫肩氱殑鑳跺師綰ょ淮緇勭粐;鐦ょ粍緇囧唴鍙瑙佸氬皯涓嶅畾鐨勬墿寮犵殑姣涚粏琛綆★紝鍐呯毊緇嗚優鏄庢樉;鏈変簺鐦ょ粏鑳炶優嫻嗘貳鏌擄紝鏈夌┖娉★紝鎴愪負鍏稿瀷鐨勬場娌緇嗚優(鑴傝偑娌夌Н);鐦ょ粏鑳炲唴銆佸栨湁鍚閾佽榛勭礌娌夌Н銆傜棶鍙樹腑澶涓婃柟鐨勮〃鐨澶氭湁鏄庢樉澧炵敓錛屾樺眰鑲ュ帤錛岀毊紿佸歡闀褲傚伓瑙佹牳鏈変笣鍒嗚傝薄,浣嗕笉鍏稿瀷鐨勩
鏍規嵁緇嗚優鎴愬垎涓庤兌鍘熺氦緇存墍鍗犳瘮渚嬶紝鐥呭彉鍒2縐嶇被鍨嬶細
1.綰ょ淮鍨嬪崰鏈鐥呯殑澶у氭暟銆傚嚑涔庡畬鍏ㄧ敱鎴愮氦緇寸粏鑳炲拰鑳跺師綰ょ淮緇勬垚銆傜氦緇存瘝緇嗚優鏍稿憟闀胯彵褰錛岃優嫻嗙敋灝戙傝兌鍘熺氦緇村ぇ澶氭暟鏄騫肩氱殑錛屾貳钃濊壊錛岀枏鏁ｅ垎甯冭屼笉鎴愯嚧瀵嗙殑鏉燂紝鍛堜笉瑙勫垯緙栫粐鐘舵垨鏃嬫丁鐘舵帓鍒椼
2.緇嗚優鍨嬬粏鑳炲瀷(緇勭粐緇嗚優鐦)錛屼富瑕佹垚鍒嗘槸緇勭粐緇嗚優(鍚炲櫖緇嗚優)銆傝兌鍘熺氦緇村緢灝戱紝涔熸槸騫肩氱殑銆傜粍緇囩粏鑳炴牳鍦嗗艦鎴栨き鍦嗗艦,鑳炴祮涓板瘜錛屼笉瑙勫垯鎺掑垪銆