⑴ 問個英語問題分詞作狀語 什麼意思,怎麼用啊
1. 分詞或分詞短語作狀語時,可以表示時間、原因、讓步、條件,方式或伴隨狀況。通常可轉換成相應的狀語從句;表示方式或伴隨狀況時可以轉換成並列句或非限制性定語從句。例如:
Put into use in April 2000 (=When it was put into use in April 2000), the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (2005上海) 分詞短語作時間狀語
Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. (2006福建) 分詞短語作原因狀語
Given time (=If he is given time), he』ll make a fist-class tennis player. (03北京)分詞短語作條件狀語
We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, thinking that all children like these things. (= and think that all children like these things.) (2006全國3) 分詞短語作伴隨狀語
2. 有時為了強調,分詞前可帶when, while, if, though, as if, unless等連詞一起作狀語,以便使句子的意思更清楚、更連貫。例如:
When comparing different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006浙江)
Though tired, he still continued reading.
3. 現在分詞和過去分詞作狀語時的用法比較。
不管是現在分詞還是過去分詞單獨作狀語,其邏輯主語必須與主句的主語一致。分詞作狀語通常可轉換成一個相應的狀語從句或並列句,如果狀語分句或並列句中的謂語動詞為被動結構,就用過去分詞;如果狀語分句或並列句中的謂語動詞為主動結構,就用現在分詞。例如:
When compared with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (04湖北)
分詞部分相當於When the biggest ocean is compared with the size of the whole earth, 主語與分詞是被動關系,所以用過去分詞。
When comparing it with the size of the whole earth, we find that the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
When we compare it with the size of the whole earth... 主語與分詞是主動關系, 所以用現在分詞。
Faced with a bill for$10,000(=Because he is faced with a bill for$10,000), John has taken an extra job. (2006全國2)
Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always saying the same thing (= and he would say the same thing). (2006江蘇)
注意:
1. 現在分詞有兩種時態:一般式doing和完成式having done。一般式通常表示與主句的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生或無先後;完成式則強調分詞所表示的動作先於謂語動詞所表示的動作。 如:
While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.(同時發生)
Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (04北京) (「等待」先於謂語動詞「意識到」)
2. 分詞的否定式的構成: not +分詞。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.
⑵ 現在分詞作原因狀語和作伴隨狀語怎麼區分最好有例句
現在分詞作原因狀語就是現在分詞在句子中的成分是狀語,表示原因的狀語.
通常情況是省略for或者省略其它表示原因的詞.如Being ill,I had to stay at home
做伴隨狀語就是表示和謂語動詞幾乎同時伴隨發生的動作,如He stood there,singing loudly.
⑶ 分詞作狀語的用法.
你的理解是正確的。本句的結構如下:
原因狀語:Represented as RH negative or RH positive (等於 because blood is represented as RH negative or RH positive) 因為血以陰性RH型或者陽性的RH型為代表的【註:除了懸垂結構外,分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語一定是句子的主語】
主體:bloodcan only be transfused from one person to another if they have the same RHfactor. 所以,如果兩種血型具有同樣的PH型因素,就只能從一個人的血管輸入到另一個人的。
⑷ 【分詞用法】分詞作原因狀語。一個句子不太懂
這是選修7里的內容。
事實上,這里的wounded不是過去分詞,而是一個形容詞,表示一種狀態。不過形容詞也可以作原因狀語。如:
Overjoyed, he rushed out of the house.
Much interested, he agreed to give a try.
Afraid of difficulties, the girl preferred to take the easy road.
形容詞做原因狀語, 有無being區別不大:
Being poor,he couldn't afford a TV set.(現在分詞做原因狀語)
Poor,he couldn't afford a TV set. (形容詞做原因狀語)
Being ill, I stayed at home.(形容詞做原因狀語)
Ill, I stayed at home(形容詞做原因狀語)
憑我個人的感覺,加being比不加being語氣要強一些。
由此可見,being badly wounded的being是可以省略的。你的老師沒說對。
順便說一下,過去分詞做原因狀語時不可加being表示狀態,加being表示正在進行的動作:
Made of glass, the cup is fragile.
Caught in the rain, he got wet all over.
Lost in thought, he almost ran into the dar in front.
Being interviewed by the reporters, the manager has no time to see you.
⑸ 分詞短語如何作狀語句
一。 現在分詞短語作時間狀語有以下三種情況:
1.分詞動作一發生,謂語動作緊跟著發生,這時用現在分詞的一般式作時間狀語,其邏輯主語為句中的主語。常用的動詞,如:hear, see, arrive, return, get to, look, open, close, leave, turn around, walk等,表示一個極短暫動作。
此種情況可以換作on+動名詞,表示相同的意思。譯作"一(剛)……就……"。
此種情況也可以換作是when引導的時間狀語從句,該從句的動詞多用一般過去時表示。 如:Hearing their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.(= On hearing their teacher's voice… = When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils…)一聽到教師的聲音,學生們立即停止講話。
2.謂語動作發生在分詞所表示的動作過程之中,則用when /while+現在分詞的一般式,分詞的邏輯主語為句中的主語。此種情況可以用in+動名詞的一般式代替。也可以換作when、while引導的時間狀語從句,該從句的謂語動詞用進行時態。如:
Don't be careless when /while having an exam. = Don't be careless in having an exam. = Don't be careless when / while you are having an exam. 考試時不要粗心。
註:此結構中,不能用其他連接詞替換when或while。
3.分詞所表示的動作完成之後,謂語動作才發生,則要現在分詞的完成式,即having done的形式。分詞的邏輯主語應是句中的主語。
這種情況可以用after+動名詞的一般式表示。
這種情況也可以用after /when引導的時間狀語從句來替換,該從句的謂語動詞用過去完成式。 如:Having finished his homework the boy was allowed to watch TV play.
After having finished his homework, the boy…
After /when he had finished his homework, the boy…
二、現在分詞在句中作原因狀語
1.分詞短語在句中作原因狀語時,相當於一個原因狀語從句。與時間狀語一樣,也要注意分詞所表示的動作與謂語動作的先後關系。當分詞所表示的動作與謂語動作同時發生或幾乎同時發生時,用分詞的一般形式。此時分詞的邏輯主語須是句中的主語。這樣的原因狀語可以換成because, as引導的原因狀語,該從句謂語動詞用一般過去時。
Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
因為不知道如何解這道物理難題,他求助老師。
= Because he didn't know how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked…help.
2.當分詞表示的動作發生在謂語動作之前,可以用現在分詞的完成式在句中作原因狀語,其邏輯主語須為句中的主語,該短語的作用相當於一個原因狀語從句。該從句的謂語動詞須用完成時。如:
Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.
= Because we have lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well.因為與那個女孩一起生活了五年,我們都非常了解她。
三、現在分詞短語在句中可以作條件狀語,其邏輯主語須為句中的主語,該短語相當於一個條件狀語從句。
Working hard, you'll succeed. = If you work hard, you'll succeed. 如果你努力工作,你會成功的。
Turning to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.
= If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the park.如果轉向左邊,你將找到通向公園的小道。
四、分詞短語在句中作讓步狀語
分詞短語在句中作讓步狀語時,相當於一個讓步狀語從句,有時分詞前可以帶有連接詞although, whether, even if, even though。
現在分詞短語作讓步狀語,分詞的邏輯主語是句中的主語,變成狀語從句時,需用主動語態。
Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone.
= Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone. 雖然那塊石頭重將近一百斤,他一個人就把它挪動了。
五、分詞短語在句中作結果狀語
現在分詞短語在句中可以作結果狀語,它的邏輯主語便是句中的主語,該短語相當於一個結果狀語從句,且用主動語態。分詞短語在句中作結果狀語時,通常位於句末,中間有逗號。有時為了加強語氣,就在分詞前加thus。
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
= Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay. 他們的車遇上交通阻塞,因而耽誤了。
六、分詞短語在句中表示方式或伴隨情況
分詞短語表示方式或伴隨情況是比較常見的。它用來說明動作發生的背景或情況。一般情況下,現在分詞所表示的動作與謂語所表示的動作同時發生,它的邏輯主語就是句中的主語,謂語動詞作為主要動作,而現在分詞表示一個陪襯動作,它沒有相應的狀語從句可以轉換,但可以用並列句來轉換。過去分詞可以說明謂語動作的背景。過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間有動賓關系。如:
The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.
The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. 那些孩子們跑出房間,愉快地笑著、說著。
Helped by their teacher, the students finished the task successfully. 在老師的幫助下,學生們成功地完成了任務。
⑹ 現在分詞作原因狀語和作伴隨狀語怎麼區分 最好有例句
現在分詞作原因狀語就是現在分詞在句子中的成分是狀語,表示原因的狀語.
通常情況是省略for或者省略其它表示原因的詞.如Being ill,I had to stay at home
做伴隨狀語就是表示和謂語動詞幾乎同時伴隨發生的動作,如He stood there,singing loudly.
⑺ 什麼是現在分詞作原因狀語
就是現在分詞在句子中的成分是狀語,表示原因的狀語。
通常情況是省略for或者省略其它表示原因的詞。
例如:Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network (=Because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network), Alice was in low spirits. 餓!我找到的例句是過去分詞,不過現在分詞也是同一原理,把過去分詞當做現在分詞湊合看一下吧!(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
⑻ 現在分詞做原因狀語
現在分詞做原因狀語 一般都是原因發生在前 所以應該用現在分詞的完成形式
本句是現在分詞的完成形式的被動形式作原因狀語
一般沒有現在分詞的被動形式作原因狀語除非表示正在發生的被動
所以Not having been told when to start, he came late.
不可以改為
Not being told when to start,he came late.本句有邏輯錯誤
如果改也應該是Not told when to start,he didn't come .
也可以改為Not knowing when to start,he came late
可視為伴隨狀語 雖然翻譯時仍是原因狀語
⑼ 分詞作狀語的五種情況是什麼
分詞作狀語的五種情況:
一、表時間,可以和時間狀語從句互換。如:
Studying in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.=When he studied in the university, he was very popular among his classmates.
二、表原因,可以和原因狀語從句互換。如:
Not knowing her address, I wasn』t able to contact her. =Because I did not know her address, I wasn』t able to contact her.
三、表條件,可以和條件狀語從句互換。如:
Walking to work, you will save quite a lot of money.=If you walk to work, you will save quite a lot of money.
四、表讓步,可以和讓步狀語從句互換。如:
Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. =Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
五、表方式,如:
He earns a living driving a truck.=I』m returning you letter as requested.
現在分詞在句中作原因狀語:
分詞短語在句中作原因狀語時,相當於一個原因狀語從句。與時間狀語一樣,也要注意分詞所表示的動作與謂語動作的先後關系。
當分詞所表示的動作與謂語動作同時發生或幾乎同時發生時,用分詞的一般形式。此時分詞的邏輯主語須是句中的主語。這樣的原因狀語可以換成because, as引導的原因狀語,該從句謂語動詞用一般過去時。
⑽ 現在分詞作狀語用法
1、現在分詞doing所代表的動作或狀態與謂語動詞是同時或幾乎是同時發生的,可以作時間、原因、方式、條件、結果、目的、讓步、伴隨等狀語。分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。
2、有些分詞作狀語,沒有邏輯上的主語,已成為習慣用法:considering,judging from,talking of,allowing for(考慮到),generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking,assuming that(假設)等。
現在分詞的基本特點
1、在時間上
表示動作正在進行。
例如:a developing country.一個發展中的國家,boiling water沸水,rising sun冉冉升起的太陽。(試比較:a developed country一個發達國家,boiled water沸水,risen sun升起的太陽)
2、在語態上
表示主動。
例如:the ruling class統治階級,the exploiting class剝削階級。(試比較:the ruled class被統治階級,the exploited class被剝削階級)